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Sunday, February 26, 2017

Pilot Pollution Problem Analysis

Pilot Pollution Definition and Judgment Standards

Definition

The pilot pollution is that excessive strong pilots exist in a point but no primary pilot is strong enough.

Judgment Standards

Pilot pollution exists if all the following conditions are met:
l   The number of pilots that meet the following condition is more than ThN
CPICH_RSCP > ThRSCP_Absolute
l   (CPICH_RSCP1st - CPICH_RSCP(ThN +1)th)< ThRSCP_Relative
Assume that ThRSCP_Absolute = –100 dBm, ThN = 3, and ThRSCP_Relative = 5 dB, and then pilot pollution exists if all the following conditions are met:
l   More than three pilots meet the following condition
CPICH_RSCP > –100 dBm.
l   (CPICH_RSCP1st - CPICH_RSCP4th) < 5 dB

Causes and Influence Analysis

Causes Analysis

Ideally the signals in a cell is restricted within its planned range. However the signals cannot reach the ideal state due to the following factors of radio environment:
l   Landform
l   Building distribution
l   Street distribution
l   Waters
Pilot pollution is the result of interaction among multiple NodeBs, so it occurs in urban areas where NodeBs are densely constructed. Normally typical areas where pilot pollution occurs easily include:
l   High buildings
l   Wide streets
l   Overhead structure
l   Crossroad
l   Areas round waters

I. Improper Cell Distribution

Due to restriction to site location and complex geographic environment, cell distribution might be improper. Improper cell distribution causes weak coverage of some areas and coverage by multiple strong pilots in same areas.

II. Over High NodeB or Highly-mounted Antenna

If a NodeB is constructed in a position higher than around buildings, most areas will be with in the line-of sight range. Therefore signals are widely transmitted. Over high site cause difficult control of cross-cell coverage, which causes pilot pollution.

III. Improper Antenna Azimuth

In a network with multiple NodeBs, the antenna azimuth must be adjusted according to the following factors:
l   NodeB distribution of the entire network
l   Coverage requirements
l   Traffic volume distribution
The sector azimuth of each antenna is set to cooperate with each other. If the azimuth is improperly set:
l   Some factors might cover the same area. This causes excessive pilot pollution.
l   Weak coverage exist in some areas without primary pilot.
The previous two situations might lead to pilot pollution. Therefore you must adjust the antenna according to actual propagation.

IV. Improper Antenna Down Tilt

Setting antenna down tilt depends on the following factors:
l   Relative height to around environment
l   Coverage range requirements
l   Antenna types
If the antenna down tilt is improper, signals are received in the areas which are covered by this site. Therefore interferences to other areas causes pilot pollution. Even worse, interferences might cause call drop.

V. Improper PICH Power

When the NodeBs are densely distributed with a small planned coverage rang and the PICH power is over high, the pilot covers an area larger than the planned area. This causes pilot pollution.

VI. Ambient Factors

The signals cannot reach the planned state due to the following factors of radio environment:
l   Landform
l   Building distribution
l   Street distribution
l   Waters
The ambient factors include:
l   High buildings or mountains block signals from spreading
The signals of a NodeB to cover a target area are blocked by high buildings or mountains, so the target area will have no primary pilot. This causes pilot pollution.
l   Streets or waters influences signals
When the antenna direction is pointing a street, the coverage range is expanded by the street. When the coverage range of a NodeB overlaps with the coverage range of other NodeBs, pilot pollution occurs.
l   High buildings reflect signals
When high glassed buildings stand near a NodeB, they will reflect signals to the coverage range of other NodeBs. This causes pilot pollution.

Influence Analysis

Pilot pollution causes the following network problems.

I. Ec/Io Deterioration

Multiple strong pilots interferes useful functional signals, so Io increases, Ec/Io decreases, BLER increases, and network quality declines.

II. Call Drop Due to Handover

More than three strong pilots or no primary pilot exists in multiple pilots, frequent handover occurs among these pilots. This might cause call drop.

III. Capacity Decline

The interference of the areas with pilot pollution increases, the system capacity declines.

Solutions to Pilot Pollution

Antenna Adjustment

According to the test, change pilot signal strength of an area with pilot pollution by adjusting antenna down tilt and azimuth. This changes the distribution of pilot signals in the area. The principle for adjustment is enhancing primary pilot and weakening other pilots.
To enhance pilot coverage of an area, adjust the antenna azimuth pointing the area. To weakening pilot coverage of an area, adjust the antenna azimuth pointing the opposite direction of the area. Adjusting down tilt is similar. You can increase the cell coverage range by reducing antenna down tilt and reduce cell coverage range by increasing antenna down tilt.
Adjusting antennas is restricted to a range. If the down tilt is over small, you might enhance cell coverage but causes cross-cell coverage. If the down tilt is over large, you might weaken cell coverage but you might change the antenna pattern.

Figure shows the pilot pollution due to improper antenna azimuth.


In Figure, the area marked in black encounters pilot pollution due to improper azimuth of the antenna of SC100 sector (scramble No. is 100). The SC100 sector covers the area with an antenna azimuth of 90°, so the coverage is poor with weak signals and no primary pilot, which cause pilot pollution.
After adjustment of the antenna azimuth from 90° to 170°, the primary pilot signals become stronger and pilot pollution is eliminated.
Figure 6-2 shows the pilot pollution due to improper antenna down tilt.



In Figure the area marked in blacked encounters pilot pollution due to improper antenna down tilt. The down tilt of SC360 cell is 2°, so the coverage area is large, cross-cell coverage is difficult to control, and interferences to other areas form.
After adjustment of antenna down tilt of SC360 cell from 2° to 7°, the cross-cell coverage by SC360 cell is eliminated and pilot pollution is eliminated.
Some areas with pilot pollution is inapplicable to the previous adjustment. You can use the following methods based on actual situation:
l   Change the antenna to a different type
l   Add reflection device or isolation device
l   Adjust installation position of antenna
l   Adjust NodeB location

PICH Power Adjustment

Pilot pollution is caused by the coverage by multiple pilots. A direct method to solve the problem is to form a primary pilot by increasing the power of a cell and decreasing the power of other cells.
An over large down tilt causes aberration of antenna pattern. To reduce coverage range by pilot, you can decrease PICH power. Over small down tilt causes cross-cell coverage. To increase coverage range by pilot, you can increase PICH power. Adjusting power and adjusting antenna must cooperate.
Figure, shows the pilot pollution due to improper distribution of cells.



In Figure,
l   The distance between NodeB A and NodeB B is 1260 meters.
l   The distance between NodeB A and NodeB C is 2820 meters.
l   The distance between NodeB B and NodeB C is 2360 meters.
The distances is unbalanced, so the pilot pollution is difficult to eliminate.
The optimization is to reduce weak pilot strength and eliminate pilot pollution, detailed as below:
l   Ensure seamless coverage between cells by not adjusting transmit power of SC20 and SC30 cells.
l   Decrease the PICH power of SC10, SC40, and SC50 cells by 3 dB. These cells have little impact on seamless coverage.



Using RRU or Micro Cells

If adjusting power and antenna is not effective to solving pilot pollution, use RRU or micro cells.
Using RRU or micro cells aims to bring a strong-signal coverage in the area with pilot pollution, so the relative strength of other signals decreases.
When a network expansion is necessary or more requirements is on network quality, using RRU or micro cells is recommended. Micro cells are used in traffic hot spot areas, they support multiple carriers. Micro cells are used if large capacity is needed. Compared with using RRU, using micro cells is more expansive.
Figure,shows pilot pollution due to ambient factors.







The area marked in black encounters pilot pollution due to ambient factors. The area is covered by SC60 cell of NodeB A, SC110 cell or NodeB B, and SC130 cell of NodeB C. However, shown in Figure, hills prevent NodeB A from transmitting signals, high buildings prevent NodeB B and NodeB C from transmitting signals, so the signals from NodeB A, NodeB B, and NodeB C are weak. On the contrary, SC240 and SC250 cells of NodeB D have good propagation conditions in this direction. Therefore the cross-cell coverage is serious and pilot pollution occurs.



High buildings or hills blocks the area, so no strong pilot is present in the area. For this problem, adjusting antenna down tilt has little effect on eliminating pilot pollution. Instead adding RRU helps solve the problem.

Process for Analyzing Pilot Pollution Problem

The process for analyzing pilot pollution problem proceeds as below:
1)      Start Assistant. Analyze scanner-based RSCP for 1st Best ServiceCell and EcIo for 1st Best ServiceCell. Select the areas with high RSCP and poor EcIo as candidate areas with pilot pollution.
2)      Analyze scanner-based Whole PP. Select the areas corresponding to candidate areas as the key areas with pilot pollution.
3)      Locate the cells that cause pilot pollution of the key areas.
4)      Based on RSCP for 1st Best ServiceCell, judge whether the pilot pollution is caused by existence of multiple strong pilots or lack of a strong pilot. For the former cause, you can solve the problem by weakening other strong pilots. For the latter cause, you can solve the problem by strengthening some strong pilot.
5)      Analyze the RSCP and Ec/Io distribution of areas related to pilot pollution and confirm the cells that need eliminating the coverage of an area and that need enhancing the coverage of an area. Based on the actual environment, analyze the specific causes to pilot pollution (for analyzing causes, see 6.2.1  ). For specific causes, provide solutions to pilot pollution (for solution, see 6.3  ). While eliminating pilot pollution in an area, consider the influence to other areas and avoid causing pilot pollution or coverage voids to other areas.
6)      Retest after adjustment. Analyze RSCP, Ec/Io and Whole PP. If they cannot meet KPI requirements, re-optimize the network by selecting new key areas until KPI requirements are met.






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RF Optimization

Once all the sites are installed and verification is complete, RF optimization starts. In some situations for a tight schedule, RF optimization might start after the construction of partial sites is complete. RF optimization is usually performed after 80% of total sites in a cluster are constructed.
RF optimization stage is one major stage of RNO. It aims at the following aspects:
l   Optimizing signal coverage
l   Control pilot pollution
l   Control SHO Factor based on DT
RF optimization also involves optimizing list of neighbor cells.
When the indexes like DT and traffic measurement after RF adjustment meets KPI requirements, RF optimization stage ends. Otherwise you must reanalyze data and adjust parameters repeatedly until all KPI requirements are met. After RF optimization, RNO comes to parameter optimization stage.

Process of RF Optimization

RF optimization includes the following four parts:
l   Test preparations
l   Data collection
l   Problem analysis
l   Parameter adjustment

Deciding Optimization Goal

The key of RF optimization is to solve problems as below:
l   Weak coverage
l   Pilot pollution
l   High SHO Factor based on DT
Actually, different operators might have different standards on KPI requirements, index definition, and attention. Therefore the RF optimization goal is to meet the coverage and handover KPI requirements in the contract (commercial deployment offices) or planning report (trial offices).
Define the indexes as required by contract as below:
The index definition is the percentage ratio of the sampling points with the index (such as CPICH Ec/Io) greater than the reference value in all sampling points.

List of RF optimization goals
Index
Reference
Remarks
Coverage rate
≥ 95%
Test on the acceptance route
The planned continuous coverage service:
l  CPICH Ec/Io ≥ –12 dB
l  CPICH RSCP ≥ –95 dBm
CPICH Ec/Io ≥ –12dB
≥ 95%
Test result by scanner in outdoor unloaded conditions
CPICH RSCP ≥ –95dBm
≥ 95%
Test result by scanner in outdoor unloaded conditions
SHO Factor based on DT
30%–40%
The SHO Factor based on DT should be 5% to 10% lower than the goal, because the following optimizations cause the soft handover factor to increase
Pilot pollution ratio
≤ 5%
–


1.2  Dividing Clusters

According to the features of UMTS technologies, the coverage and capacity are interactional and the frequency reuse factor is 1. Therefore RF optimization must be performed on a group of or a cluster of NodeBs at the same time instead of performing RF optimization on single site one by one. This ensures that interference from intra-frequency neighbor cells are considered during optimization. Analyze the impact of the adjustment of an index on other sites before adjustment.
Dividing clusters involves approval by the operator. The following factors must be considered upon dividing clusters:
l   According to experiences, the number of NodeBs in a cluster depends on the actual situation. 15–25 NodeBs in a cluster is recommended. Too many or few NodeBs in a cluster is improper.
l   A cluster must not cover different areas of test (planning) full coverage services.
l   Refer to the divided clusters for network project maintenance of the operator.
l   Landform factor
Landforms affect signal propagation. Mountains block signal propagation, so they are natural borders for dividing clusters. Rivers causes a longer propagation distance, so they affect dividing clusters in various aspects. If a river is narrow, the signals along two banks will interact. If the transportation between two banks allows, divide sites along the two banks in the same cluster. If a river is wide, the upstream and downstream will interact. In this situation, the transportation between two banks is inconvenient, dividing clusters by the bank according to actual situation.
l   A cell-like cluster is much usual than a strip-like cluster.
l   Administrative areas
When the coverage area involves several administrative areas, divide clusters according to administrative areas. This is easily acceptable by the operator.
l   DT workload
The DT must be performed within a day for a cluster. A DT takes about four hours.

Deciding Test Route

Confirm the KPI DT acceptance route with the operator before DT. If the operator already has a decided DT acceptance route, you must consider this upon deciding the KPI DT acceptance route. If the objective factors like network layout cannot fully meet the coverage requirements of decided test route by the operator, you must point this out.
The KPI DT acceptance route is the core route of RF optimization test routes. Its optimization is the core of RF optimization. The following tasks, such as parameter optimization and acceptance, is based on KPI DT acceptance route. The KPI DT acceptance route must cover major streets, important location, VIP, and VIC. The DT route should cover all cells as possible. The initial test and final test must cover all cells. If time is enough, cover all streets in the planned area. Use the same DT route in every test to compare performances more accurately. Round-trip DT is performed if possible.
Consider actual factors like lanes and left-turn restriction while deciding test route. Before negotiating with the operator, communicate these factors with local drivers for whether the route is acceptable.

1.4  Preparing Tools and Data

Prepare necessary software (listed in Table 3-2), hardware (listed in Table 3-3), and various data (listed in Table 3-4), because the following test and analysis are based on them.

1.4.1  Preparing Software

Table 3-2 lists the recommended software for RF optimization
Table 1-2 Recommended software for RF optimization
No.
Software
Function
Remarks
1
Genex Probe
DT
–
2
Genex Assistant
Analyzing DT data and checking neighbor cells
–
3
Genex Nastar
Analyzing performance, checking health, and locating problems
–
4
Mapinfo
Displaying maps and generating route data
–

Preparing Hardware

list of the recommended hardware for RF optimization

Recommended hardware for RF optimization
No.
Device
Specification
Remarks
1
Scanner
DTI Scanner
–
2
Test terminal and data line
U626, Qualcomm, and so on
At least two test terminals
3
Laptop computer
PM1.3G/512M/20G/USB/COM/PRN
–
4
Vehicle mounted inverter
DC to AC, over 300W
–

Preparing Data

lists the data to be collected before optimization
Data to be collected before optimization
No.
Needed data
Whether is necessary
Remarks
1
List of engineering parameters
Yes
–
2
Map
Yes
By Mapinfo or in paper
3
KPI requirements
Yes
–
4
Network configuration parameters
Yes
–
5
Survey report
No
–
6
Single site verification checklist
No
–
7
Floor plan of the target buildings
Yes
For indoor test



Data Collection

During RF optimization stage, the key is the optimization of radio signals distribution, with the major means of DT and indoor test. Before test, confirm with the customer care engineers the following aspects:
l   Whether the target NodeBs, RNCs, and related CN are abnormal due to being disabled, blocked, congested, and transmission alarms.
l   Whether the alarms have negative impact on the validity of test result data.
If the alarms exist, solve the problems before test.
DT is a major test. Collect scanner and UE data of radio signals by DT test. The data is applicable in analyzing coverage, handover, and pilot pollution problems.
Indoor test involves the following areas:
l   Indoor coverage areas
Indoor coverage areas include inside buildings, department stores, and subways.
l   Inside areas of important facilities
Inside areas of important facilities include gymnasiums and government offices.
l   Areas required by the operator
Areas required by the operator include VIC and VIP.
Test the previous areas to locate, analyze, and solve the RF problems.
Indoor test also involves in optimizing handover of indoor and outdoor intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-system.
The DT and indoor test during RF optimization stage is based on VP service. According to the contract (commercial deployment offices) and planning report (trial offices), if seamless coverage by VP service is impossible in areas, such as, suburban areas and rural areas, the test is based on voice services. For areas with seamless coverage by PS384K service required by the contract (commercial deployment office) or planning report (trial office), such as office buildings, press centers, and hot spot areas, the test is based on PS384K service.

Drive Test

DT Types

According to different full coverage services in the planned areas, DT might be one of the following:
l   3G ONLY continuous talk test by using scanner + unloaded VP
According to simulation result and experiences, if the test result meets requirements on VP service coverage, the test result will also meet identical coverage requirements of PS144K, PS128K, and PS64K services.
l   3G ONLY continuous talk test by using scanner + unloaded voice service
l   3G ONLY continuous talk test by using scanner + unloaded PS384K

Setting DT Indexes

The following paragraphs take VP service for example.
Setting DT indexes proceeds as below:
1)      Start Genex Probe 1.3 software
2)      Select Configuration > System Config > Test Plan

For setting DT, see the following table.
Index
Meaning
Enable
Whether to implement this index. True for implementation. False for non-implementation. The recommended value is True.
Call Number
Called number. Whether the called terminal supports VP must be confirmed.
Setup Time (s)
The maximum time for setting up calls. It ranges from 20–30s. The recommended value is 25s.
Calling Time (s)
The time for a single call from call start to normal end of call. Set it great enough according to actual DT route. The recommended value is 99999s.
Idle Time (s)
Call internal time. The recommended value is 10s.
Call Count
Total call times. Set it great enough according to actual DT route. The recommended value is 999 times.

Collect call data tracing at RNC side while performing drive test. This help to locate and analyze problems.
Data to be collected includes:
l   Traced signaling messages of single subscriber

Indoor Test

GPS signals are unobtainable in door test. Obtain the plan of the target area before test.
Indoor test consists of walking test and vertical test. Perform walking test to obtain horizontal signals distribution inside buildings by selecting Indoor Measurement > Walking Test. Perform vertical test to obtain vertical signals distribution by selecting Indoor Measurement > Vertical Test. For the detailed method, see WCDMA Test Guide 3.0.
Indoor test services are services by seamless coverage required in the contract (commercial deployment office) or planning report (trial office). The method for indoor test and requirements on collecting call tracing data are the same as DT.

Collecting RNC Configuration Data

During RF optimization stage, collect neighbor cell data of network optimization and other data configured in RNC database. In addition, check whether the configured data is consistent with the previously checked/planned data.
While checking configured data, feed back the improperly configured data (if found) to product support engineers. During checking, pay special attention to handover reselection parameters and power setting parameters, as listed in Table 4-1.
Configured parameters to be checked
Type
Content to be checked
Handover reselection parameter
IntraFreqNCell (intra-frequency neighbor cell)
InterFreqNCell (inter-frequency neighbor cell)
InterRATNCell (inter-system neighbor cell)
Power configuration parameter
MaxAllowedULTxPower (maximum uplink transmit power of UE)
PCPICHPower (PCPICH transmit power)

For handover reselection parameters, check list of neighbor cells, including intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-system neighbor cells.
Output an updated Radio Parameter Configuration Data Table and parameter revision records. This is useful in problem analysis and following optimization stages.
Collecting data proceeds as below:
4)      Start RNC LMT
5)      Collect MML scripts
6)      Convert neighbor cell configuration data in MML scripts to Excel files by using Nastar
7)      Save the data in the format in which the data can be imported to Assistant.


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Ericsson 2G Optimization Engineer Required


Location: Saudi Arabia

Job: Contract

Requirements:

• Experience in OSS RC3 tools. 

• Experience in R-PMO and TEMS visualization. 

• Knowledge of Ericsson 2G tools (MML, RNO, SQL analyzer). 

• Experience in performing and analysing BSC traces ( MTR, CTR). 

• Knowledge in 2G NWS BO tool and understanding STS counters. 

• Ericsson Background on RBS and BSC nodes. 

• Experience in using Mapinfo and MCOM 2G. 

• Experience in trouble shooting of problematic cells using Ericsson tools. 

• Knowledge of Ericsson 2G radio features/parameters. 

• Experience in TEMS investigation and analysing log files.


Email you CV: mklasson@saudinetworkers.com
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Ericsson Transmission IP MW Back Office Engineer


Location: Western Africa

Job:Contract


Requirements:

Experience in Mini link TN, TR6500, SDH and Trouble shooting. 

Minimum 5 years experience in telecom 

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Exceed Connection Limit Optimization in 3G


Node B resources – spread factor limitation

  • DL and UL
  • Counter: pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptExceedConnLimit – MO UtranCell.
  • Non-Guaranteed and Guaranteed Service Classes
  • DL Non-Guaranteed, HO/non-HO Service Class
  • Limited by sf8Adm (8), sf16Adm (16) and sf32Adm (32)
  • DL Guaranteed, HO/non-HO Service Class
  • Limited by sf16gAdm (16)
  • UL Non-Guaranteed, HO/non-HO Service Class
  • Limited by sf4AdmUl (1000), sf8AdmUl (50) and sf16AdmUl (50)
  • UL Guaranteed, HO, non-HO Service Class
  • Limited by sf8gAdmUl (8)
  • Counter: pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptExceedConnLimit, MO Class UtranCell


pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptExceedConnLimit
  • Exceed Connection Limit, is mainly due to the exceed in the usage"number of available connections" of a specific SF,check if the SF settings in UL and DL are set correctly i.e: SF16AdmUl=50,SF32Adm=32 etc
  • If they are set to their maximum limits the only solution will be going for second carrier expansion
  • Sometimes it's better to give a small value for sf4AdmUl and sf8Adm. It will help save SF resources to allow more UE connections with lower speed.
  • Exceed Connection Limit is pegged when the number of a certain connection "64,128,384" in UL or DL exceeds its admission threshold"sf8Adm, sf16Adm and sf32Adm,etc




Optimization

  • In most cases increasing SF16admUl value will reduce the admission blocking. This is because in 3G networks usually the most PS combination can be R99/HS where there is high traffic in UL in R99. Accordingly increasing sf16admUl usually is the 1st admission threshold to increase.
  • To solve this first you need to identify which RAB is pegging the exceed connection limit and you need to check if the SFAdm settings are set correctly for this RAB or they might be increased to overcome the blockings, if the SFAdm are set to their maximum values the only solution to solve this is to perform second carrier expansion.
  • It is recommended to configured the sfXXAdm either uplink or downlink to the default value. For instance, sf4AdmUl shall be configured to 1000 for the software version of P7 onward, sf8AdmUl to 8 and so on. The intention is not to limit the connection by the spreading factor admission setting.
  • In past experience, we did changed before the sf4AdmUl from 1 to 1000 and as well as the sf32AdmUl from 32 to 50 does really reduced the exceeded connection limit significantly in two different cases.
  • tune the rateselectionpsinteractive in order to reduce the blocking; Identify the cells and then set 8 for dlprefrate and ulprefrate where channel dch is used knowing thatthe feature Flexible Initial Rate Selection, PS Interactive is enabled. Change from ulPrefRate/dlPrefRate of 64 to 16 we noticed about a 10% decrease in Channel Element consumption across the network. There was also a big reduction in channel switching from 64 to 16Kbits in the uplink.


Restrict Access to a particular RAB

  • UeRc disabling under RNCfeatureRABcombinationxxx or for a particular sfxx >>sfxxadm=0
  • by setting these SF Adm to 0 will block user of accessing these RAB according their SF: sf8Adm (PS XX/384)
  • sf16Adm (PS XX/128),
  • sf16gAdm (Streaming XX/128),
  • sf32Adm (PS XX/64),
  • sf4AdmUl (PS 384/XX),
  • sf8AdmUl (PS 128/XX),
  • sf8gAdmUl (Streaming 128/XX),
  • sf16AdmUl (PS 64/XX).
  • Unfortunately we don't have specific parameter for RAB PS 16, but as mentioned above we can disabled them from RNC Feature State.











WRAN CAPACITY MANAGEMENT

Admission Control – DCRNC002 settings
•DL Ch Code – dlCodeAdm (80).
•DL Power Adm – pwrAdm (75).
•DL ASE Adm – aseDlAdm (500).
•UL ASE Adm – aseUlAdm (500).
•DL SF Adm – sf8Adm (8), sf16Adm (16), sf32Adm (32) and sf16gAdm (16).
•UL SF Adm – sf4AdmUl (1000), sf8AdmUl (50), sf16AdmUl (50) and sf8gAdmUl (8).
•CPM Adm – compModeAdm (15)
•HS Adm – hsdpaUsersAdm (20 or 25) and maxNumHsdpaUsers (16, 26 or 32).
•EUL Adm – eulServingCellUsersAdm (20, 25 or 32) and eulNonServingCellUsersAdm (100). Included 2ms and 10ms TTI.
•DL RBS HW – dlHwAdm(99 or 100).
•UL RBS HW – ulHwAdm (99).






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Saturday, December 18, 2010

WCDMA KPI's

Key Performance Indicators in WCDMA are devided into different classes:

1. Accessibility
2. Retainibilty
3 .Mobilty
4 .Integrity

Accessibility: These given KPIs are considered in this category.
RRC Setup Success Rate for CS
RRC Setup Success Rate for PS

Retainibility:These given KPIs are considered in this category.
CS Drop Rate.
PS Drop Rate
HS Drop Rate
RAB Setup Success Rate CS
RAB Setup Success Rate PS
RAB Setup Success Rate HS

Mobilty: These given KPIs are considered in this category.
SHO CS
SHO PS
IRAT CS
IRAT PS

Integrity: These given KPIs are considered in this category.
PS Throughput
HS Throughput






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3G/WCDMA Basics

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UMTS Optimization

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UMTS Drive Test

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Saturday, October 16, 2010

Nokia RF Performance Monitoring and Opt Engineer

Nokia RF Performance Monitoring and Opt Engineer

Position Description:
Senior UMTS/GSM RF Engineer will be required to perform moderately difficult tasks
that require limited judgment and requires minimum supervision.
Responsibilities include RF Opimization and performance monitoring
Required Competencies and Skills:
Essential Duties and Responsibilities: The area of responsibility will generally
cover, several of the following activities -
• Perform RF network design, planning and optimization activities
• Perform link budget analysis, design criteria and traffic analysis
• Ensure data integrity of various morphology/topography databases and drive test
data for model calibration
• Undertake network performance improvement (KPIs) and optimization tasks
• Undertake BSS/RNC/Node B parameter modifications
• Analyze and recommend equipment and antenna co-location requirements for
different technologies
• Responsible to resolve day-to-day issues and support regions to deliver KPI of
every UMTS cluster
• Implement UMTS optimization/acceptance plan, sponsor best practices, assess
and escalate system issues to RAN, Core, Data design teams
• Undertake network performance improvement (KPIs) and optimization tasks
• Undertake BSS/RNC/Node B parameter modifications
• Site configuration analysis
• Pilot pollution analysis, parameter configuration, IRAT neighbour analysis
• Exclusion / Exception area recommendation and verification
• Identify, resolve all coverage and RF design deficiencies • Good computer skills,
able to work flexible hours, self- motivated and ability to work under pressure,
good interpersonal skills
Required Experience:
• A minimum of 5 year work experience in RF Optimization.
• A minimum of 2 years work experience on UMTS Optimization


Contact: 
EmailCarlosA.ReyesSantis@mobile-servicesgroup.com

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